Cartridge type pumping apparatus



May 18, 1965 l R. E. RAYMOND CARTRIDGE TYPE PUMPING APPARATUS 3 Sheets-Sheet l Filed May 9. 1962 N.- 6Nv INVVTOR.

ROBERT E. RAYMOND TMRKE'S May 18, 1955 R. E. RAYMOND 3,183,848

CARTRIDGE TYPE PUMPING APPARATUS Filed May 9, 1962 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENT ROBERT E. RAYM EL? www@ YTT NEYJ May 18, 1965 R. E. RAYMOND CARTRIDGE TYPE PUMPING APPARATUS Filed May 9, 1962 llllv 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENToR. Rolfzfggjf- E. RAYMOND United States Patent() 3,183,848 CARTRllDGE TYPE PUMPING APPARATUS Robert E. Raymond, Zanesville, Ohio, assigner to Hydro- Kinetics, lne., Zanesville, Ohio, a corporation of hio Filed May 9, 1962, Ser. No. 193,458 13 Claims. (Cl. lr03-173) This invention relates to hydraulic machines and particularly to a novel cartridge type pumping apparatus.

Ilan general, the present invent-ion in one of its aspects relates to a pumping cartridge, that can he removably mount-ed in various envelopes such las la pump housing means, the base trame lof a machine tool, the engine block of mobile equipment, or in components of other machines that reqiure hydraulic power.

As another aspect of the present invention the cartridge type pumping :apparatus combines in Ione assembly a cylinder barrel, pumping pistons, outlet valve mechanisms and a piston return yoke means. With these basic components assembled in a single cartridge type mechanism they can readily :be installed in any housing means that includes a drive and cam means :tor actuating the pist-on means of the cartridge.

As another aspect of the present invention the cartridge type pumping apparatus incudes a novel throughbored cylinder construction Iwherein the cylinders are intersected by an annular discharge manifold. The open ends lof the through-bored cylinders are provided `with removable plugs that extend thro-ugh the discharge manifold rand, in addition form self-contained outlet valve cartridges. This outlet valve cartridge construction provides a high compressi-on .apparatus that is inexpensive to assemble and service.

Another aspect lof the present invention relates t-o a novel cart-ridge type pumping apparatus that includes a plurality Iof piston reaction plugs adapted to transmit piston reaction ctorces directly to the pump housing.

Another .aspect of the present invention relates to a novel cartridge type pumping apparatus that includes a plurality of ypiston reaction plugs adapted to transmit pist-on reaction forces directly to the pump hou-sing, said reaction plugs including a novel cartridge type outlet valve assemlbly.

Another aspect of the present invention relates to a novel cartridge type pumping .apparatus that includes -a plurality .of piston reaction plugs adapted to transmit piston reaction forces directly t-o the pump housing, said reaction plugs including a novel plate member that connects the plugs las a subassembly whereby the reaction plugs are maintained together as la subassemhly and whereby the reaction plugs ycan be more easily assembled in lthe cylinder barrel.

Another aspect of the present invention relates t-o a novel cartridge type pumping yapparatus that includes a plurality .of piston reaction plugs adapted to transmit piston reaction forces directly to the pump housing, said reaction plugs being provided with .a novel hey` means whereby the reaction plugs are retained in the cylinder barrel when the latter is removedtrom the housing means.

Another aspect of the present invention relates to :a novel cartridge type pumping apparatus that includes a cylinder barrel having outlet ports -for the cylinder that communicate with an outlet port from Ithe pump hous- 3,l83,848 Patented May 18, 1965 ice ing through a novel hollow pres-sure biased out-let member that forms a readily disconnecta-ble and substantially leak-proof ljunction between the housing means and the removable cartridge assembly.

Another aspect of the present invention relates to -a novel cartridge type pumping apparatus that includes a novel high compression combined piston means a-nd inlet valve cartridge construction that cooperates with the above described outlet valve cartridge to provide an eicient high compression machine.

, Another aspect .of the present invention relates .to a novel cartridge .type pumping apparatus that includes a novel piston return means for a pump -or motor that incorporates piston shoe means provided with spherical piston foot ibearing sockets and a yoke means provided with a central spherical :sock-et -for receiving a yoke actuating member. The yoke means and pis-ton shoe means are so designed that all of the centers of these spherical sockets lie in the sam-e plane with the advantageous result that lateral movement of the shoe means on the drive shaft cam means is eliminated. This permits the most efficient use of novel metal encased piston shoes which also comprise a novel structural feature of the machine of the present invention.

, Another aspect of the present invention relates to a novel cartridge type pumping apparatus that includes a novel piston and shoe assembly tor a pump cr motor wherein each piston incorporates a spherical toot portion provided with a composite sho-e means including socket 'forming components, `formed fof low vfriction resinous material such .as nylon, and a meta-l casing that not only reinforces the nylon sock-et forming components :again-st lateral-ly directed :tensile stresses, but also serves to retain the components in assembled relationship on the lspherical piston foot.

-It is, therefore, an 'object of the present invention to providea cartridge type pumping apparatus that can be installed in various types of envelopes for various applications.

It is another object of the .present invention to provide a novel cartridge type pumping apparatus that can lbe readily removed Ifrom its housing means Vfor immediate replacement or extreme convenience in maintenance.

Further objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings wherein a preferred form of embodiment of the invention is clearly shown.

In the drawings:

FIG. l is a side sectional view of a pumping apparatus constructed in accordance with the present invention the section being taken along the line 1--1 of FIG. 2;

FIG. 2 is an end sectional View of the pump of FIG. 1 the section being taken along the line 2-2 of FIG. l;

FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of a cartridge type pumping apparatus incorporated in the pump of FIG. l the section being taken along the line 4-4 of FIG. 2; and

FIG. 4 is a side elevational view of the cartridge type pumping apparatus of FIG. 3.

Referring in detail to the drawings, FIG. l illustrates an axial piston type pump constructed in accordance with the present invention that comprises a housing means indicated generally at 20 which includes front and rear casing portions 22 and 24 joined together at confronting surfaces 26 and 28.

Housing means includes an inner surface 21 that forms a chamber for receiving a cartridge type pumping apparatus indicated generally at 23 and shown in isolated relationship, removed from the housing in FIGS. 3 and 4.

As is seen in FIGS. 2 and 4 cylinder barrel 23 is keyed against rotation in housing means 20 by longitudinally extending hardened dowel pins 212 that slip into holes formed by arcuate barrel slots 214 and arcuate housing slots 216.

Cylinder barrel 23 includes a plurality of open-ended circumferentially spaced bores that form cylinders 31B that slideably receive a plurality of piston means indicated generally at 32. A

The end of each cylinder is closed by a reaction plug indicated generally at 34 that forms an outlet valve cartridge and includes a recess 36 containing an outlet ball check valve 38, the end of passage 36 being closed by a threaded plug 4t) that is screwed into a threaded bore 44. Plug 40 is provided with an axial outlet passage 42.

As is seen in FIGS. 1, 3, and 4, reaction plugs 34 are joined together as a subassembly by a plug connector plate member 200 that includes holes 202, FIG. 3, for receiving shoulders 2614 formed on the rear ends of the plug members. A front snap ring 206 and a rear snap ring 208 secures each reaction plug 34 in self-aligning mounted relationship to plate member 260.

The reaction plug assembly, including the reaction plugs 34, and plate member 2110, is retained in cylinder barrel 23, against spring pressures, when the cartridge is removed from the housing by diametrically opposed pins 270, FIGS. 2 and 3, which are screwed into threaded bores 272, the inner ends 274 of pins 27 0 being extended into annular recesses 276, FIG. 3, formed in the periphery of reaction plugs 34.

It should be pointed out that cylinder barrel 23 is axially positioned by a compression spring 280, FIGS. 1, 2, and 3 that is interposed between spring retainer 146 and a shoulder 282 on cylinder barrel 23. With this arrangement compression spring 280 constantly biases the forward end 290 of the cylinder barrel against an annular shoulder 292 formed on the inside of front casing portion 22.

Reaction plug 34 further includes a plurality of radially extending outlet passages 46 that connect valve chamber 36 with an annular groove 48 in the plug that in turn communicates with an annular manifold passage 50, the latter being core molded in rear casi-ng portion 24.

Annular manifold 50 includes integrally molded manifold outlet passages 231) and 232 that discharge fluid to hollow outlet members indicated generally at 234 and 236, the latter including inner surfaces 238 that are constantly biased against longitudinally extending at surfaces 241) formed on cylinder barrel 23, FIGS. 1 and 2.

With reference to FIG. 3, the cylinder barrel is modified in that hard metal inserts 239, formed of steel or the like, are mounted in recesses 237 and form surfaces 24d-A that slide against the inner surfaces on hollow outlet members 234 and 236 mounted in the housing means as seen in FIGS. 1 and 2.

The hard metal inserts 239 may be used in instances where cylinder barrel 23 is formed of a relatively soft light material such as aluminum and where a harder bearing surface 24th-A may be desired.

Compression springs 242 bias hollow outlet members 234 and 236 in sealed relationship against longitudinally extending fiat surfaces 240 or 240-A at the outset of operation ofthe pump and these springs are reta-ined in place by threaded plugs 250.

Hollow outlet members 234 and 236 are each further provided with an annular outer surface 254 that is exposed to the outlet pressure from annular manifold 50 and thereby pressure biases surfaces 23S against surfaces 240 after the pump is in operation.

Outlet check valve 38 is biased against an outlet valve seat 52 on the end of plug 4@ by a compression spring 54, the latter being provided with a guide pin 56.

Each of the cylinders 36 includes an inlet port 25 that receives fluid via inlet port 27, passage 29, inner chamber 31 formed by the pump housing means Ztl.

With continued reference to FIG. 1, each of the piston means 32 includes a spherical foot portion 76 on which is mounted a piston shoe means indicated generally at 80. The shoe means rides on an inclined drive surface S2 of cam means 84 that is keyed to a drive shaft 86 at a key 88, the cam means being retained on the shaft by nuts 90.

Shaft 36 is rotatably mounted in front casing portion 22 by conventional tapered roller bearings 94 and 96 that are pressed into recesses 98 and 10d, said bearings being isposed in back to back relationship.

The front end of the shaft is provided with a wiper type seal assembly 102.

Pressurized oil from annular manifold 50 is delivered to the load, not illustrated, via outlet passage 116 that is formed in a subplate mounting block 11?, the latter being bolted to front casing portion 22.

With reference to FIGS. 1, 3, and 4, the piston means 32 are returned to the bottom of their strokes by a yoke indicated generally at 124, said yoke being molded from low friction resinous material such as nylon or the like.

Yoke 124 includes .an integrally moulded spherical central socket 125 for receiving a spherical bearing portion 127 on the end of an axially shiftable yoke driving member 136, the latter being mounted in a bore 129 in rear casing portion 24. Driving member 136 is constantly v urged against yoke 124 by a compression spring 15S the ends of which are centered by spring positioners 140 and 142.

As is shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the periphery of yoke 124 is provided with a plurality of circumferentially spaced holes 131 that are large enough to permit free oscillation of neck portions 123 or piston means 32.

The periphery of yoke 124 further includes a plurality of piston shoe mounting recesses 133 that are shaped to form snugly fitting sockets for the tops of the piston shoe means indicated generally at 3f) in FIGS. 1 and 3.

Reference is next made to FIG. 3 which illustrates in detail the previously mentioned shoe means 80. The shoe means is of composite construction and includes a lower bearing portion 144 that forms an upper spherical surface 146 for receiving spherical piston foot 76 and a lower bearing surface 148 that engages the upper surface 82 of the eccentric.

With continued reference to FIG. 3, .a pair of upper bearing segments 150 and 152 include spherical surfaces 154 and 156 that `conform with the upper portion of ball shaped piston foot 76 and a metal casing indicated generally at includes an upper edge 162 that is crimped over upper bearing segments 150 and 152.

The lower edge of metal casing 160 is provided with an inner shoulder 164 that surrounds a recess 166 of reduced diameter provided on the lower end of lower bearing portion 144.

It will be understood that the above mentioned nylon to metal bearing surfaces although under relatively heavy axial loads, will not gall or cause failure when metal chips or other foreign particles are encountered.

vI claim:

1. In a hydraulic machine the combination of housing means including an inner Wall, an end Wall, an end opening opposite said end wall, and housing inlet and outlet ports; a cylinder ibarrel removeably mounted in said housing means and including a plurality of axially extending cylinders, said cylinder barrel including an axially extending side wall provided with a barrel outlet port communieating with said cylinders; a plurality of pistons mounted for reciprocation in said cylinders; means connecting said barrel outlet port with said housing outlet port; exhaust valve means for said cylinders; means for keying said cylinder barrel against rotation in said housing means; a

plurality of reaction plugs extending into said cylinders and including outer ends in force transmitting relationship with said end wall of said housing means; reaction plug connecting means; means attach-ing the outer ends of said reaction plugs to said connecting means to form a reaction plug assembly; and means lfor retaining said reaction plug assembly on said cylinder barrel.

2. The hydraulic machine defined in claim 1 wherein said exhaust valve means includes moveable valve elements and each of said reaction plugs includes a valve chamber containing one of said valve elements.

3. The hydraulic machine defined in claim 1 that includes means for removably locking said reaction plugs in said cylinders.

4. In a hydraulic machine the combination `of housing means including an inner wall, an end Wall, an end opening opposite said end wall, and housing inlet and outlet ports; a cylinder barrel removably mounted in said housing means and including a plurality of axially extending cylinders and a central bore, said cylinder barrel including an axially extending side -wall provided with a barrel outlet port communicating with said cylinders; a plurality of pistons mounted for reciprocation in said cylinders; an eccentric rotatably mounted in said housing means; yoke means engaging said pistons; a member slideably mounted in said bore and engaging said yoke means; resilient means disposed -in said cylinder barrel for biasing said member and yoke means towards said eccentric; exhaust valve means for said cylinders; means for keying said cylinder barrel against rotation in said housing means; a plurality of reaction plugs extended into said cylinders and including outer ends extending outwardly of said cylinders; reaction plug connecting means; means attaching the outer ends of said reaction plugs to said connecting means to `form a reaction plug assembly; and means for retaining said reaction plug assembly on Isaid cylinder barrel.

5. In a hydraulic machine the combination of housing means including an inner wall, an end wall, an end opening opposite said end wall, and housing inlet and Ioutlet ports; :a cylinder barrel removably mounted in said housing means and including a plurality of axially extending cylinders, said cylinder barrel including an axially extending side wall provided with a barrel outlet port communicating with said cylinders; a hollow liuid outlet member mounted in said housing mean-s and including fan inner end in sealed engagement with said axially extending side wall of said barrel; exhaust valve means lfor said cylinders; means for keying said cylinder barrel against rotation in said housing means; a plurality of reaction plugs extending into said cylinders and including outer ends in force transmitting relationship with said end wall of said housing means; reaction plug connecting means; means attaching the outer ends of said reaction plugs to said connecting means to form a reaction plug assembly; and means for retaining Said reactio-n plug assembly on said cylinder barrel.

6. The hydraulic machine defined in claim 5 that includes resilient means biasing said hollow fiuid outlet me-mber towards said axially extending side wall of said cylinder barrel.

7. The hydraulic machine defined in claim 5 wherein said exhaust valve means includes moveable valve elements and each of said reaction plugs includes a valve chamber containing one of ysaid valve elements.

8. In a hydraulic machine the combination of housing means including Ian inner wall, an end wall, an end opening opposite said end Wall, and .housing inlet and outlet ports; a cylinder barrel remove-ably mounted in said housing means and including la plurality lof axially extending cylinders and a central bore; a plurality of pistons mounted .for reciprocation in said cylinders; an eccentric rotaably mounted in said housing means; yoke means engaging said pistons; a member slideably mounted in said bore and engaging said yoke means; exhaust valvemeans yfor Cil said cylindersymeans for keying said cylinder barrel against rotation in said housing means; a plurality of reaction plugs extended into said cylinders and including outer ends extending outwardly of said cylinders; reaction plug connecting means; means attaching the outer ends of said reaction plugs to said connecting means to form a reaction plug assembly; means for retaining said reaction plug assembly on said cylinder barrel; and spring means in said cylinder barrel and operative between said reaction plug assembly and said slidably mounted member.

9. In a hydraulic machine the combination of housing means including an inner wall, an end wall, an end opening opposite said end wall, and housing inlet and outlet ports; a cylinder barrel rem-oveably mounted in said housing means and including a plurality of axially extending cylinders, said cylinder barrel including an axially extending side wall provided with a barrel outlet port communicating |with said cylinders, said barrel also including an integrally formed annular manifold including manifold inlet ports connected to each of 4said cylinders and a manifold outlet port connected to s-aid barrel outlet port; a plurality of pistons mounted for reciprocation in said cylinders; means connecting said barrel outlet port with said housing outlet port; exhaust valve means for said cylinders, said exhaust valve means lbeing disposed within said cylinder barrel; means for keying said cylinder barrel against rotation in said housing means; a plurality of reaction plugs extending into said cylinders and including -outer ends in force transmitting relationship with said end wall of said housing means.

10. The hydraulic machine defined in claim 9 wherein said exhaust valve means includes moveable valve elements and each fof said reaction plugs includes .a valve chamber containing one of said valve elements.

11. In a hydraulic machine the combination of housing means including an inner wall, an end wall, an end opening opposite said end wall, and housing inlet and outlet ports; a cylinder barrel removeably mounted in said housing means and including la plurality of axially extending cylinders, said cylinder barrel including an axially extending side wall provided with a barrel outlet port communicating with said cylinders, said barrel also including an integrally formed annular manifold including manifold inlet ports connected to each of said cylinders and a manifold outlet port connected to said barrel outlet port; a plurality of pistons mounted for reciprocation in said cylinders; a hollow fluid outlet member mounted in said housing means and including an inner end in `sealed engagement with said axially extending side wall of said barrel; exhaust valve means for said cylinders; means for keying -said cylinder barrel against rot-ation in said housing means.

l2. The hydraulic machine defined in claim 11 that includes resilient means biasing said hollow fluid outlet member towards said axially extending side wall of said cylinder barrel.

13. tIn a hydraulic machine the combination of housing means including an inner wall, an end wall, an end opening opposite said end wall, .a cylinder barrel locating shoulder, and housing inlet and outlet ports; a cylinder barrel removeably mounted in said housing means and including a plurality of axially extending cylinders and a central spring mounting recess provided with an inner end forming a cylinder barrel shoulder; -a plurality of pistons mounted lfor reciprocation in said cylinders; a plurality of reaction plugs extended in-to said cylinders `and including outer ends extending outwardly o-f said cylinders; a plate member connecting said outer ends of said reaction plugs; and spring means in said recess and operative between said cylinder barrel shoulder and said plate member for urging said cylinder barrel against said barrel locating shoulder.

(References on following page) References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS Parsons 103-1'73 Cameron 103-41 Ashton 103-173 Berte'a 103--1'73 Nuber 103-173 Sundin 103--173 Lessner 103-173 X Budzich 103-162 Budzich 103-173 Tuck et al, 103-37 Budzich 103-173 1/62 Dlugols 103--173 Rohrberg 103-173 Budzich 103-173 X FOREIGN PATENTS France. France. France. Germany. Great Bri-tain. Italy. 

1. IN A HYDRAULIC MACHINE THE COMBINATION OF HOUSING MEANS INCLUDING AN INNER WALL, AN END WALL, AN END OPENING OPPOSITE SAID END WALL, AND HOUSING INLET AND OUTLET PORTS; A CYLINDER BARREL REMOVEABLY MOUNTED IN SAID HOUSING MEANS AND INCLUDING A PLURALITY OF AXIALLY EXTENDING CYLINDERS, SAID CYLINDER BARREL INCLUDING AXIALLY EXTENDING SIDE WALL PROVIDED WITH A BARREL OUTLET PORT COMMUNICATING WTIH SAID CYLINDERS, A PLURALITY OF PISTONS MOUNTED FOR RECIPROCATION IN SAID CYLINDERS; MEANS CONNECTNG SAID BARREL OUTLET PORT WITH SAID HOUSING OUTLET PORT; EXHAUST VAVLE MEANS FOR SAID CYLINDERS; MEANS FOR KEYING SAID CYLINDER BARREL AGAINST ROTATION IN SAID HOUSING MEANS; A PLURALITY OF REACTION PLUGS EXTENDING INTO SAID CYLINDERS AND INCLUDING OUTER ENDS IN FORCE TRANSMITTING RELATIONSHIP WITH SAID END WALL OF SAID HOUSING MEANS; REACTION PLUG CONNECTING MEANS; MEANS ATTACHING THE OUTER ENDS OF SAID REACTION PLUGS TO SAID CONNECTING MEANS TO FORM A REACTION PLUG ASSEMBLY; AND MEANS FOR RETAINING SAID REACTION PLUG ASSEMBLY ON SAID CYLINDER BARREL. 